The remaining specimens went through

The data processing technique that the image processing processor uses is measuring background adjustment as well as adjustment particle image conversion and transmission particle image binarization, edge search as well as calculations of parameters of particles such as analysis statistics, and results output.1 Rounding rate is directly proportional to a certain quantity of distance 12 . The computer detects the edges of the particles based upon the received signal of binarization and then calculates automatically the size, aspect ratio , and roundness that each particle. Numerous abrasion features, including V-shaped pits sharp edges, sharp edges and curved grooves generally provide evidence of transportation in an aquatic medium 13,14 .1 The typical image (i.e. the field of view of an imager) comprises from a couple of or hundreds of particle. In an aeolian ecosystem because of the size of the particles the saltation abrasion is selective and transports and shape, the majority of particles have subrounded, well-sorted grains 15,16,17,18 .1 The imager calculates automatically and count all particles within the view field to generate the report. Furthermore the mineral constituents include feldspar, quartz and Calcite.

If there aren’t enough particles assessed, the microscope can be adjusted to shift to the next area of view and continue to test and count.1 Aeolian quartz characteristics include meandering ridges and upturned platesand bulbous edges, and the adhering of quartz 14 . This processor may produce data like aspects ratio (Fig. 2a), roundness (Fig.

2b) Specific surface area and variation in grain size. However, there are only a few studies of the characteristics of shape of particles in the process of freeze-thaw (cryogenic weathering).1 Schematic diagram of the aspect ratio ( A ) and the roundness ( roundness ( ). Recent studies have demonstrated that the aggregation and fragmentation of soil particles creates the phenomenon of silt level enrichment 3,19,20 and 21,22.

Test the program. This is the only physical weathering characteristic for cryogenic soil.1 The four types of soil specimens were naturally dried or crushed and then sieved (2 millimeters) and the soil samples were used for freeze-thaw cycles test. The degree of siltylation that occurs in cryogenic soils can be directly linked with factors like freezing intensity and time in particular, the continuous fluctuation of weather patterns that fluctuate between warmer and colder temperatures will trigger the development of the soil 4,23,24 .1 The freeze-thaw test was conducted at -20°C for freezing, and + 20 degC for freezing. The shape and surface shape of grains as revealed in the previous literature offer important details about the origin, the transport, and deposition histories. We performed preliminary experiments on samples to determine the ideal freeze-thaw period.1 However, there are few studies that focus on the morphological properties of the particles that occur during the freeze-thaw process (cryogenic weathering).

The time needed for soil samples to be completely frozen and thawed takes 4 hours. To determine the distinct morphological characteristics that distinguish particles exposed to cryogenic weathering we carried out freeze-thaw experiments on four different soil samples.1 So the freeze-thaw time is eight hours. It is our hope that this study will uncover the distinct morphological traits of soil’s primary mineral particles that are exposed to the an environment that is cryogenic. Utilizing the ring knife (diameter 61. eight millimeters, and 20 millimeters high) to limit the effect in the physical properties of specimens, in order to ensure that the specimens are in the same place and the validity and clarity of the test results.1 Material and techniques.

The prepared specimens were vapour-saturated and sealed both up and down using cling films to preserve the state of closed condition of the system. Test soil specimens. This study was designed to collect specimens and test after 0, 5, 10 50, and 100 freeze-thaw cycles. The test chose loess (L), fine sand (CS) extremely fine sand (VFS) and fine sand (FS) as the testing objects.1 Based on the number freeze-thaw cycles (0 5, 10, 50, 100) the total number of six sets of specimens were needed for each kind of soil. The physical properties and the distribution of grains of the four soil specimens are displayed in Table 1. When the specimens were finished and the specimens were ready, the freeze-thaw cycle test chamber could be used to test freeze-thaw cycles to the specimens.1 Test equipment.

Once the test chamber had reached the desired amount of freeze-thaw cycles required, the specimens were brought out to be tested. The freeze-thaw cycles examination of soil samples was performed in the test chamber for freeze-thaw cycles (Fig. 1a). The remaining specimens went through freeze-thaw cycle tests until the freeze-thaw cycles scheduled were complete.1

The model for the test chamber for freeze-thaw cycles is ZLHS-250-LS. After the freeze-thaw and testing, the samples were analyzed and analysed using the particle image processor. The soil sample was saturated using the vacuum pumping saturation method 25 , and the specimens were then sealed with cling films.1

The results of the test, including aspects ratios and the roundness of the specimens were analysed (Table 2.). The temperature test probe within the sample is used to determine if the soil sample is fully frozen and thawed. the temperature of the sample at the time of the test is measured using the temperature probe that is placed in the air.1 Analysis and results. In addition, insulation material is utilized for ensuring that the sample will freeze in a single direction (Fig. 1b). Study of the particle aspect ratio.

Test apparatus: ( a ) Freeze-thaw test instrument; ( b ) Schematic diagram of freeze-thaw tests for soil samples. ( the third ) Particle Image Processor.1 Figure 3 displays the change in the percentage of soil content of the aspect ratio of a specific area following 0, 5, 10 50, 100 and freeze-thaw cycles. In order to study the shape and shape changes of soil specimens following freeze and thaw cycles using a particle image processing (Fig. 1c) was used to examine the soil specimens following freezing and the thawing process.1 The figures show the comparisons between every soil size. The range of measurement for the particle image processors employed in the experiment is 0.5 millimeters to 3000 millimeters Repetition accuracy: 1 %. The image illustrates that the proportion of aspect ratios of soil particles between the freeze-thaw cycle and before is evenly distributed between 1 to 6.1 The data processing technique that the image processing processor uses is measuring background adjustment as well as adjustment particle image conversion and transmission particle image binarization, edge search as well as calculations of parameters of particles such as analysis statistics, and results output.1 Between four specimens in the study, the amount of the aspect ratios from 1 to 4 was 98%, suggesting that the aspect ratios of the specimens was mainly spread among 1 and 4 which means that particles that had an aspect ratio higher than 4 could be more likely to be broken up.

The computer detects the edges of the particles based upon the received signal of binarization and then calculates automatically the size, aspect ratio , and roundness that each particle.1 The maximum value of four specimens ranged between the range of 1 to 2 (e.g. the proportion of particles having the aspect ratio 1.26 (which is 12.43 at the end of the 50th freeze/thaw cycles for The specimen (loess)). The typical image (i.e. the field of view of an imager) comprises from a couple of or hundreds of particle.1

The tops of samples (L) (L) and the sample (CS) are soft The tops in specimen (VFS) (VFS) and the specimen (FS) are steep. The imager calculates automatically and count all particles within the view field to generate the report.